It seems to be referring to Jacob in verse 26, which then refers back to “all Israel” as evident in verse 26. He also holds to an M.A. The meaning of Paul’s statement in 11:26 can be better appreciated by taking a closer look at some of the words used in the surrounding context. Supporters of this view will insist that verse 28 offers a description of individuals whom God regarded as enemies but have now received salvation and God’s love. Here, Paul implies that the by rejecting the gospel, the nation of Israel was working towards the benefit of the Gentiles who ended up receiving salvation – much to their advantage. The lectionary does us no favors by splitting Romans 11 into an opening question followed by the tail end of an answer. Similarly, as noted by Hendriksen, the pronoun “these” used to qualify “enemies” and the “beloved ones” apparently points to the same group of people, who happen to be the elect. Paul’s focus in verse 29 is upon the term “irrevocable”, which is used to describe something or a situation in which it is impossible to revert or go back to. Romans 11:29 Parallel Verses [⇓ See commentary ⇓] Romans 11:29, NIV: "for God's gifts and his call are irrevocable." [4] Karl Barth, “The Epistle to the Romans” (Oxford University Press, 1968) p.418-419 The dual status in the first half of verse 28 is reiterated by the statement that the Jewish non-believers that comprise the nation of Israel are perceived as enemies as per the gospel and also for the Gentiles’ sake. Dead traditions cannot give life nor change our heart for the better, only faith in Messiah can. In broad terms, as 9:30–10:21 has elaborated the former, negative side of this dilemma, so 9:6b–29 and 11:1–27 have explained the second, positive side. [7], It is difficult to know whether readers of Paul’s scriptures would be in a position to ascertain whether God still considers the nation of Israel as beloved, especially when viewed from God’s perspective of them being his chosen people. This is because the interpretation in this view sufficiently envisages a situation whereby the two clauses of Romans 11:28 can be said to be simultaneously true in the present state concerning the “all Israel.” In the same scenario, the unbelieving Israelite nation is perceived on the one hand as the enemy of God, while on the other, still very much beloved. Read Romans 9:27-33 and also Romans 15:8-27. There is an obvious difficulty with Romans 11:28 and the remnant view, based on these two clauses. Despite the majority of Israel currently still being in rebellion, God will not forget His people, and will pour His Spirit on Israel at a specific point in time, in agreement with the covenantal promises. The outcome of religious traditions that I’ve encountered so far is mainly characterized by pride, legalism and self-justification – nothing that can “save” you. In Rom 11:28, Paul use the correlative conjunctions to illustrate the existence of simultaneous state between the pre-converted past and the post-converted present state of affairs. Yet in verse 28 Paul asserts that this group of individuals are seen as enemies from God from the Gospel’s standpoint. If Paul had intended to refer to people who had initially been enemies but who have now become beloved (and not enemies any longer), he would not have used the correlative conjunction “on the one hand” and “but on the other hand”, but rather “formerly” and “but now.” Paul’s writing often uses contrasting elements to highlight the differences between the state of affairs between the pre-conversion and post-conversion state. By their rejection of the gospel and the Jesus, has nation of Israel eternally lost her status? “The fullness of the Gentiles” in Rom. It is thus difficult to use Romans 11:28 to denote individuals who were enemies in the pre-conversion past but are now beloved in the post-conversion present. 1. Despite the majority of Israel being in rebellion, God will not forget His people. 23 And not only they, but ourselves also, which have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body. At that time, all of Israel will accept the Messiah en masse. In Rom 11:28, Paul use the correlative conjunctions to illustrate the existence of simultaneous state between the pre-converted past and the post-converted present state of affairs. Romans 11:25-36 "Some Gentiles and Israel Will be Saved" is the last of four parts to the BFF Romans 11:11-36 Living Commentary on Romans: Salvations's Great Plan (Romans 11:11-36). In other words, Paul has helped to establish an identity of “all Israel” through his words in verse 28 and his description in verse 26. A. Romans 11:26 = All Israel will be saved. Romans 11:29. (I do believer there is only one people of God). Romans 11:29, NASB: "for the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable." Jesus uses two recent disasters to drive home a pointThere were present at that season some who told Him about the Galileans whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices. The use of “they” in verse 27 is not used in its original context and thus need to be supplemented using “them” in the same verse. What does he mean, exactly? [7] Walter Bauer, Frederick W. Danker, William F. Arndt, and F. Wilbur Gingrich, “A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature,” 3rd ed (Chicago: University of Chicago, 2000) p.53 However, the term “calling” is clearly defined as the process of God’s choosing to elect the beloved Jews. Vers.] It also has a special reference to the covenant promises that God made to them. For instance in Romans 7:5-6, he utilises the active indicative pronoun “we were” and combined with “but now.” He also demonstrates the same element of establishing temporal contrast by using the combination of “at that time” and “but now” as evident in Galatians 4:8-9: “However, at that time …. 11:26 "all Israel will be saved" There are two possible interpretations. Verse 28 has Paul summing up the main theme by claiming that the non-believers who made up ethnic Israel were perceived as God’s enemies. “The chosen remnant” view is that “all Israel” refers to the believing remnant of the Jewish community. Paul writes that non-believing Israel are God’s enemies yet that they are also beloved at the same time. For example, Paul’s use of the words mystrion (mystery) and achris (until) in verse 25 kai houtos (and thus) at the start of verse 26, and they in verse 28. Romans 8 summarizes and drives home to the human heart the implications of our salvation presented in Romans 1–7 and prepares the way for Paul to discuss the relationship between Jews and Gentiles in God’s plan (Romans 9–11, 15) and the practical outworking of life in the Spirit (Romans 12–14). Romans 11:22-26 22 Behold then the kindness and severity of God; to those who fell, severity, but to you, God's kindness, if you continue in His kindness; otherwise you also will be cut off. Even though the present nation of Israel is hardened, God still sees them as the elect and beloved nation. At that specific time, the people of Israel living in those days will accept the Messiah. This is specifically due to the fact that the gospel and those who believe in it are. Paul asserts that “all Israel” are viewed as enemies from the gospel point of view. This is shown by God’s decision to elect the nation of Israel to be his solely appointed nation. Romans 11:28-29 God does choose to bless corporate entities, but not everyone who professes membership in a blessed group will fully enjoy the blessing. According to Kinzer, although Israel has rejected Yeshua, He “continues to live among them—though in a hidden, obscure fashion”. Key Archaeological Highlights in Israel – 2016. of Israel primarily because it hold grounds for two contradicting views of individuals, which at the same time can be interpreted to be true. Romans 11:26 ESV / 6 helpful votes Helpful Not Helpful. Browse other questions tagged exegesis romans sovereignty or ask your own question. It is thus difficult to use Romans 11:28 to denote individuals who were enemies in the pre-conversion past but are now beloved in the post-conversion present. In other instances, Paul, utilizes a different combinational technique to illustrate the temporary contrast between the pre-conversion and post-conversion state of affairs. The gifts and the calling to the nation of Israel are irrevocable based on the fact that God does not backtrack on his promises. Simply put, from the gospel’s point of view, “they” refers to the ethnic Jews while “you” refers to the Gentiles. The “ethnic Israel” view offers a perfectly fitting interpretation of the dual status of “all Israel” in sharp contrast to those offered by other views. When Rabbi Akiva coined the phrase: “Tradition is a fence to the Torah”, it’s doubtful he imagined how the rabbinic tradition of the so-called... Because the best way to bless Israel is with Yeshua (Jesus)! This is God's great mystery that He has been carrying out all along despite Israel and Gentile's disobedience. Verse 26: “And in this way all Israel will be saved, as it is written, ‘The Deliverer ( ho heruomenos ) will come from Zion [meaning Jerusalem or … They offer two distinct interpretations of “all Israel,” which interestingly appear to be true at the same time. You are using an out of date browser. The importance of repentance. The other reason that presents problems for “the church” view is when analysing verse 28 is that the two clauses used in the whole verse are difficult to use when describing the church. Hence there is frequent mention of wrath, especially in this epistle, ch. The closest parallel in the New Testament to this word “Deliverer” is found in Romans 11:26, where Paul describes how “all Israel” will be saved. Comforting Questions (Romans 8:31-39) Bob Deffinbaugh: 08/18/2004: 12. Moo goes on to add that Paul had a reason for emphasizing the term “irrevocable “at the beginning of the verse indicating that the word of God “has not failed.” God still has a plan for the nation of Israel due to His faithful nature.”. Paul used this … A. Romans 11:26-27 = Yes. The importance of this concept is seen in the fact that verse 28 describes the same group of individuals similar to the one denoted by the term “all Israel” in verse 26. However, from God’s point of view, they are much loved because for the sake of their forefathers. 26 And so all Israel will be 1 saved, as it is written: d "The Deliverer will come out of Zion, And He will turn away ungodliness from Jacob; Cross References Psalms 14:7 Oh, that the salvation of Israel would come out of Zion! Like any library, Christianity Stack Exchange offers great information, but does not offer personalized advice , and does not take the place of seeking such advice from your pastor, priest, or other trustworthy counselor . Paul’s assertion of Israel’s dual status in v. 28 succinctly summarizes the dilemma that drives the whole argument of these chapters: the Israel now at enmity with God because of the gospel is nevertheless the Israel to whom God has made irrevocable promises of blessing. That’s quite a statement! The nation of Israel are seen as God’s enemies when viewed from the perspective of their rejection of the gospel. And this is my covenant with them,' says the Lord. 2 AUG 2020. He is dealing specifically with ethnic Israel, and explaining how the word of God concerning them has not failed even though they have not all believed. The refusal of the nation of Israel to accept the gospel of the Messiah did not prevent God from honouring the specific promises he had made with the Fathers. The term “according to election” should thus be interpreted to denote the notion that even though these people are recognized as enemies at least in regards to the gospel, they are still beloved from the perspective of God’s irrevocable choice. From the Kibbutz in Israel to finding Yeshua in New Zealand! [10], (Westchester, Ill.: Crossway, 1988) p.274. Q. The refusal of the nation of Israel to accept the gospel of the Messiah did not prevent God from honouring the specific promises he had made with the Fathers. It is thus difficult to use Romans 11:28 to denote individuals who were enemies in the pre-conversion past but are now beloved in the post-conversion present. (Sam Harris). First, Paul writes that the nation of Israel are beloved by God “according to election”. [5] For instance: Rom 11:30, Gal 1:2,  Eph 5:8, Col 1:21-22, 3:7-8, Philemon 10-11. “The chosen remnant” view is that “all Israel” refers to the believing remnant of the Jewish community. The problem however is that he loves the the Jews so much, that his love for them is in competition with the gospel, and contradicts what Yeshua himself taught about salvation. This view is based on the idea that when some Jews answered Pilate “All the people answered, “His blood is on us and on our children!” (Matthew 27:25), God considered Jesus’ blood to covered them and their sins. It also points out the entire nation of Israel will one day be restored. Proponents of this view argue that the salvation of the Israelites ethnic nation has its root in God’s faithfulness to fulfill his covenantal promises made to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. [9], In a similar context, Murray reiterates that the people of Israel are perceived as both being “enemies” and “beloved” at the same moment – enemies in correlation to the gospel while simultaneously beloved in correlation to their election. Romans 11:26 “And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Zion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob:” This verse and the next are (quoted from Isaiah 59:20-21). That’s quite a statement! It also has a special reference to the covenant promises that God made to them. Paul writes that non-believing Israel are God’s enemies yet that they are also beloved at the same time. This happens for the Jews in the Millennial dispensation when, once again, the Jews will be judged by their deeds (Rev. This interpretation asserts that the existing hardening of Israel (albeit partial) will continue till the culmination of this age, and that the whole Israelite ethnic nation will ultimately turn to Christ and accept His salvation. This is supported by Paul’s use of the conjunction “on one hand” and “on the other hand”: They are described as enemies and beloved simultaneously, and not first enemies and only becoming the beloved after some time.” Consequently, “the remnant” view is not credible enough to offer a good interpretation of Romans 11:26. THE CONTEXT As we look at verses 5-15, we must remember how they relate to the rest of the chapter. In this sense, 11:26 would be interpreted as ""And in this way all Israel , So some understand the passage to mean,,,,so after this manner[jew+gentile as one new man In Christ] all Israel ie,[ The Israel of God} consisting of elect physicsl Israelites, as well as elect gentiles grafted inth the root promises,,,,,,,shall be saved. Trustworthy resources related to Romans 11. Simply put, it refers to the act of God calling the nation of Israel and electing them to be his own people whom he would stand with, thus fulfilling his promises to the fathers.”, Paul’s focus in verse 29 is upon the term “irrevocable”, which is used to describe something or a situation in which it is impossible to revert or go back to. In Isaiah 59:20-21, Paul quoted, "'The Redeemer will come to Jerusalem,' says the Lord, 'To buy back those in Israel who have turned from their sins. For example, Paul’s use of the words, Rom 11:28 has a particular importance because it bears directly to the identity of “all Israel”. Based on the “ethnic Israel” view, the current state of the nation of Israel is that of a hardened one at least as per Romans 11:25. For b we do not know what to pray for as we ought, but c the Spirit himself intercedes for us with groanings too deep for words. Supporters of this view will insist that verse 28 offers a description of individuals whom God regarded as enemies but have now received salvation and God’s love. This contrasting element indicates that by rejecting the gospel, the nation of Israel was put to the side while the gospel was delivered to the Gentiles. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. The dual status in the first half of verse 28 is reiterated by the statement that the Jewish non-believers that comprise the nation of Israel are perceived as enemies as per the gospel and also for the Gentiles’ sake. We are dedicated to our historic Creeds and Confessions because we believe they are faithful to the Scriptures. [1] Mark S. Kinzer, “Postmissionary Messianic Judaism: Redefining Christian Engagement with the Jewish People” (Brazos Press, 2005) p.225-228 Yet in verse 28 Paul asserts that this group of individuals are seen as enemies from God from the Gospel’s standpoint. or does it mean at a certain point in future, all physical Israel are elect and will be grafted back into the tree in which we now stand? Question: "Does Hebrews 10:26 mean that a believer can lose salvation?" in Biblical Studies (Israel College of the Bible. It may not display this or other websites correctly. This leads to the description of the concept of the “dual status” of Israel primarily because it hold grounds for two contradicting views of individuals, which at the same time can be interpreted to be true. It confronts a variety of issues. Apostasy is an intentional falling away or defection. Paul reveals how he sees things happen in the end when God softens the Jews. Nevertheless, by virtue of being elected and in accordance with their connection with the patriarchs, they are beloved. The argument is that he first clause of 11:28 refers to the elect in their unsaved state, while the second describes their status after receiving God’s salvation. Verse 28a Married to Kate (since 2007), raising their son Asaf in Israel. Hmmm. At present, there is a distinction between the invisible church and the visible church, and only at Jesus’ return will that distinction be done away with. 2. Verse 28 has Paul summing up the main theme by claiming that the non-believers who made up ethnic Israel were perceived as God’s enemies. 24 For we are saved by hope: but hope that is seen is not hope: for what a man seeth, why doth he yet hope for? The majority of the Israelites do not demonstrate a liking for the Messiah, as described in verse 11 with the use of the terms “their transgression” and in verse 15 as “their rejection.” In the first clause of Romans 11:28 Paul offers a distinct description of the hardened state of the nation of Israel by denoting the nation as being the enemies of God. Does it mean "all elect within physical Israel"? The four views are that “all Israel” means: In his book “Post-missionary Messianic Judaism”, American Messianic Jewish believer, Dr. Mark Kinzer, asks what we should make of the past 2,000 years of Jewish traditions. Herman Ridderbos maintains that, “The church … as the people of the New Covenant has taken the place of Israel, and national Israel is nothing other than the empty shell from which the pearl has been removed and which has lost its function in the history of redemption.” [2] Similarly, Waltke maintains that the church and the New Covenant have permanently supplanted the Israelite nationality together with her law.” [3] Despite the majority of Israel being in rebellion, God will not forget His people. There are four main views regarding the identity of “all Israel” in Romans 11:26. Romans 11:28 provides a description of “all Israel” that indicates the unbelieving nature of the nation of Israel. Paul assures us in Romans 11:26 that, “All Israel will be saved”. In 2020 Eitan received his Doctorate (DMin, Middle East Studies) from Dallas Theological Seminary. While I have never met with Dr. Kinzer, I have no doubt that he dearly love his own Jewish people. This profound fact of the Divine Way of Mercy is here applied to the case of an elect race. At the end of it all, God has not and will not abandon His chosen nation, Israel. The term “fathers” refers to the main patriarchs of Israel and include Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. A few days ago, in a debate between Atheist Sam Harris and Ben Shapiro, Sam Harris claimed: Give. Paul uses verse 29 to assert and provide support for the argument that God still loves the nation of Israel and still views it as his chosen nation. Similarly, as noted by Hendriksen, the pronoun “these” used to qualify “enemies” and the “beloved ones” apparently points to the same group of people, who happen to be the elect. “The same is used to arrive at a definition of the rule of determining God’s relationship with the Israelites.” The term “according to election” should thus be interpreted to denote the notion that even though these people are recognized as enemies at least in regards to the gospel, they are still beloved from the perspective of God’s irrevocable choice. I kinda like Iconoclast's take on it. Romans 5:1-11 explains the implications of justification by faith: peace with God, access to grace, joy, the hope of the glory of God, joy in suffering, reconciliation with God and joy in God. Romans 11:29, KJV: "For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance." Will they “all” be saved? Notes But now…. Paul assures us in Romans 11:26 that, “All Israel will be saved”. We favor the latter view, and will explain why, by looking carefully at the meaning and context of the words that Paul uses in Romans 11. 23 And they also, if they do not continue in their unbelief, will be grafted in; for God is able to graft them in again. This, according to Paul, was for the betterment of the Gentiles. Using Bloesch’s words, God’s rejection of the nation of Israel was only provisional implying that the entire nation of Israel would be saved. Even though the present nation of Israel is hardened, God still sees them as the elect and beloved nation. 14:13). Paul refers to the subject or the people by describing them as “enemies for the sake of you.” Due to the fact that Paul continuously uses the pronoun “you” to reference the Gentiles, the noun “enemies” must be referring to the ethnic Jews. This interpretation asserts that the existing hardening of Israel (albeit partial) will continue till the culmination of this age, at which point, they will turn to Christ at that time and accept His salvation in accordance God’s faithfulness to fulfill his covenantal promises made to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. A Bible Study in EasyEnglish (2800 word vocabulary) on the Book of Romans. Amen. 1. This refers in some sense to spiritual Israel, the Church. Morris further writes that Paul is seen to make more appeal to the covenant made between God and Abraham as well as the one made to his descendants throughout their lifetimes. However, those same individuals are beloved by God since he has chosen to elect them as he promised to the fathers. What Kinzer is really saying is that Jewish tradition (that includes the rejection of the Messiah) is God’s wish for the Jewish people at this time: “a divinely sanctioned religious tradition appointed for the purpose of preserving the Jewish people”. The nation of Israel are seen as God’s enemies when viewed from the perspective of their rejection of the gospel. Despite verse 28 being asyndeton and lacking a proper connection to with the aforementioned content, there is a forged implication used to supplement the subjects touched in verse 28. It offers a definition of a rule upon which God’s have managed to establish a relationship with the nation of Israel. Romans 6:1-14. Proponents of this view argue that the salvation of the Israelites ethnic nation has its root in God’s faithfulness to fulfill his covenantal promises made to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. On the contrary, the “wild olive graft” is the Gentile world as opposed to Israel, the “natural branches” (Romans 11.21, 24). I am pretty sure that "Israel" means physical Israel in this passage, what puzzles me is what "all" means in this passage. on the part of the Giver. Simply put, from the gospel’s point of view, “they” refers to the ethnic Jews while “you” refers to the Gentiles. [A new version of this page can be found here] . Verse 29 Speaking of the Jews, he says, "They are Israelites, and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises. Romans 8:26 26 Likewise the Spirit helps us in our weakness. Eitan holds to a B.A. The Puritan Board is a forum dedicated to the discussion of Christian theology in a Confessionally Reformed context. Romans: Bible Study and Commentary. Romans 11:28 provides a description of “all Israel” that indicates the unbelieving nature of the nation of Israel. and an MDiv Equiv. 24 For if you were cut off from what is by nature a wild olive tree, and were grafted contrary to nature into a cultivated olive tree, how much more shall these who are the natural branches be grafted into their own olive tree? [8] Douglas J. Moo, “The Epistle to the Romans (The New International Commentary on the New Testament)”, (Eerdmans, 1996) p.732 These are the same two meanings of the term ‘Israel’ used in Romans 11:25 and 11:26. The use of the preposition kata is used to designate the accepted way in which judgement will be accorded. in Theological Studies (Liberty University. Romans 2:5; Romans 2:8, Romans 3:5, Romans 4:15, Romans 5:9, Romans 9:22, and besides, ch. 2, 6, 8, The four views are that “all Israel” means: This notion indicates that the hardened stance of the Israelite nation is partial and thus a remnant portion among the Jews will continue to face God’s salvation until the end of the modern times. deemed God’s enemies. Does the Bible really endorse slavery (as Sam Harris claims)? The rest of the Jewish community by writing that the gifts and calling made by God can revoked. Patriarchs of Israel is hardened, God still shows dedication and peculiar relationship the. 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